tespn070 · 2010–2025

Aggregate replacement ratio for pensions (excluding other social benefits) by sex

Eurostat tespn070 — Aggregate replacement ratio for pensions (excluding other social benefits) by sex. Data range: 2010 to 2025.

At a glance

In 2025, the EU-27 figure for aggregate replacement ratio for pensions (excluding other social benefits) by sex was 1.20 .

That is a 0.0% rose versus 2024 (1.20).

Over the five years before that, the EU-27 aggregate moved 5.3% higher.

Across member states, Luxembourg reported the highest value (1.76, 2025) and Lithuania the lowest (0.74, 2025) — a ratio of 2.4× between the two ends of the range.

The figures below come from Eurostat dataset tespn070; every value links back to the canonical source.

EU-27 · 2025
1.20
HIGHEST · 2025
Luxembourg
1.76
LOWEST · 2025
Lithuania
0.74

Map · 2025

Finland: 1.1 FI 1.1 Sweden: 1.2 SE 1.2 Denmark: 0.9 DK 0.9 Estonia: 1.0 EE 1.0 Ireland: 0.8 IE 0.8 Netherlands: 1.1 NL 1.1 Germany: 1.0 DE 1.0 Poland: 1.2 PL 1.2 Latvia: 0.9 LV 0.9 Belgium: 1.0 BE 1.0 Luxembourg: 1.8 LU 1.8 Czechia: 1.1 CZ 1.1 Slovakia: 1.2 SK 1.2 Lithuania: 0.7 LT 0.7 France: 1.2 FR 1.2 Austria: 1.1 AT 1.1 Hungary: 1.0 HU 1.0 Romania: 0.9 RO 0.9 Portugal: 1.4 PT 1.4 Spain: 1.6 ES 1.6 Italy: 1.6 IT 1.6 Slovenia: 0.8 SI 0.8 Bulgaria: 0.9 BG 0.9 Cyprus: 0.8 CY 0.8 Malta: 0.9 MT 0.9 Croatia: 0.7 HR 0.7 Greece: 1.5 EL 1.5
0.7 1.8

Ranking · 2025

Luxembourg LU 1.76 Spain ES 1.62 Italy IT 1.6 Greece EL 1.54 Portugal PT 1.36 Slovakia SK 1.24 France FR 1.22 Poland PL 1.2 European Union (27) EU 1.2 Sweden SE 1.18 Austria AT 1.12 Netherlands NL 1.12 Czechia CZ 1.06 Finland FI 1.06 Estonia EE 0.98 Hungary HU 0.98 Belgium BE 0.96 Germany DE 0.96 Malta MT 0.94 Romania RO 0.94 Bulgaria BG 0.92 Denmark DK 0.92 Latvia LV 0.86 Cyprus CY 0.82 Slovenia SI 0.82 Ireland IE 0.76 Croatia HR 0.74 Lithuania LT 0.74
2025 ranking · 28 countries

Time series · top 12 countries + EU-27

0.87 1.19 1.51 1.83 2.15 2010 2012 2014 2016 2019 2021 2023 2025 Luxembourg Spain Italy Greece Portugal Slovakia France Poland Sweden Austria Netherlands Czechia European Union (27) Aggregate replacement ratio for pensions (excluding other social benefits) by sex (value) LU ES IT EL PT SK FR PL EU27_2020 SE AT NL CZ
  • Luxembourg 1.76
  • Spain 1.62
  • Italy 1.6
  • Greece 1.54
  • Portugal 1.36
  • Slovakia 1.24
  • France 1.22
  • Poland 1.2
  • Sweden 1.18
  • Austria 1.12
  • Netherlands 1.12
  • Czechia 1.06
  • European Union (27) 1.2

Country × year heatmap · all values

20102012201420162018202020222024 Austria AT Austria · 2010: 1.1 Austria · 2011: 1.1 Austria · 2012: 1.1 Austria · 2013: 1.2 Austria · 2014: 1.2 Austria · 2015: 1.2 Austria · 2016: 1.2 Austria · 2017: 1.2 Austria · 2018: 1.2 Austria · 2019: 1.2 Austria · 2020: 1.2 Austria · 2021: 1.2 Austria · 2022: 1.1 Austria · 2023: 1.1 Austria · 2024: 1.1 Austria · 2025: 1.1 Belgium BE Belgium · 2010: 0.9 Belgium · 2011: 0.9 Belgium · 2012: 0.9 Belgium · 2013: 0.9 Belgium · 2014: 1.0 Belgium · 2015: 1.0 Belgium · 2016: 1.0 Belgium · 2017: 1.0 Belgium · 2018: 1.0 Belgium · 2019: 0.9 Belgium · 2020: 0.9 Belgium · 2021: 1.0 Belgium · 2022: 0.9 Belgium · 2023: 1.0 Belgium · 2024: 1.0 Belgium · 2025: 1.0 Bulgaria BG Bulgaria · 2010: 0.9 Bulgaria · 2011: 0.8 Bulgaria · 2012: 0.9 Bulgaria · 2013: 0.9 Bulgaria · 2014: 1.0 Bulgaria · 2015: 0.8 Bulgaria · 2016: 0.9 Bulgaria · 2017: 0.8 Bulgaria · 2018: 0.8 Bulgaria · 2019: 0.7 Bulgaria · 2020: 0.7 Bulgaria · 2021: 0.7 Bulgaria · 2022: 0.8 Bulgaria · 2023: 0.9 Bulgaria · 2024: 0.9 Bulgaria · 2025: 0.9 Croatia HR Croatia · 2010: 0.6 Croatia · 2011: 0.6 Croatia · 2012: 0.6 Croatia · 2013: 0.6 Croatia · 2014: 0.7 Croatia · 2015: 0.7 Croatia · 2016: 0.8 Croatia · 2017: 0.8 Croatia · 2018: 0.8 Croatia · 2019: 0.8 Croatia · 2020: 0.7 Croatia · 2021: 0.7 Croatia · 2022: 0.7 Croatia · 2023: 0.7 Croatia · 2024: 0.7 Croatia · 2025: 0.7 Cyprus CY Cyprus · 2010: 0.8 Cyprus · 2011: 0.9 Cyprus · 2012: 0.9 Cyprus · 2013: 0.9 Cyprus · 2014: 0.8 Cyprus · 2015: 0.9 Cyprus · 2016: 0.9 Cyprus · 2017: 0.8 Cyprus · 2018: 0.9 Cyprus · 2019: 0.9 Cyprus · 2020: 0.8 Cyprus · 2021: 0.9 Cyprus · 2022: 0.9 Cyprus · 2023: 0.9 Cyprus · 2024: 0.8 Cyprus · 2025: 0.8 Czechia CZ Czechia · 2010: 1.1 Czechia · 2011: 1.1 Czechia · 2012: 1.1 Czechia · 2013: 1.1 Czechia · 2014: 1.1 Czechia · 2015: 1.0 Czechia · 2016: 1.0 Czechia · 2017: 1.0 Czechia · 2018: 1.0 Czechia · 2019: 1.0 Czechia · 2020: 1.0 Czechia · 2021: 1.0 Czechia · 2022: 1.0 Czechia · 2023: 1.0 Czechia · 2024: 1.1 Czechia · 2025: 1.1 Denmark DK Denmark · 2010: 0.9 Denmark · 2011: 0.9 Denmark · 2012: 0.9 Denmark · 2013: 0.9 Denmark · 2014: 0.9 Denmark · 2015: 0.9 Denmark · 2016: 0.9 Denmark · 2017: 1.0 Denmark · 2018: 1.0 Denmark · 2019: 1.0 Denmark · 2020: 0.9 Denmark · 2021: 0.9 Denmark · 2022: 0.9 Denmark · 2023: 0.9 Denmark · 2024: 0.9 Denmark · 2025: 0.9 Estonia EE Estonia · 2010: 1.1 Estonia · 2011: 1.1 Estonia · 2012: 1.0 Estonia · 2013: 1.0 Estonia · 2014: 1.1 Estonia · 2015: 0.9 Estonia · 2016: 1.0 Estonia · 2017: 1.0 Estonia · 2018: 0.9 Estonia · 2019: 1.0 Estonia · 2020: 1.0 Estonia · 2021: 1.0 Estonia · 2022: 1.0 Estonia · 2023: 0.9 Estonia · 2024: 1.0 Estonia · 2025: 1.0 Finland FI Finland · 2010: 1.0 Finland · 2011: 1.1 Finland · 2012: 1.0 Finland · 2013: 1.0 Finland · 2014: 1.1 Finland · 2015: 1.1 Finland · 2016: 1.1 Finland · 2017: 1.1 Finland · 2018: 1.1 Finland · 2019: 1.1 Finland · 2020: 1.1 Finland · 2021: 1.1 Finland · 2022: 1.1 Finland · 2023: 1.0 Finland · 2024: 1.1 Finland · 2025: 1.1 France FR France · 2010: 1.3 France · 2011: 1.3 France · 2012: 1.3 France · 2013: 1.4 France · 2014: 1.4 France · 2015: 1.4 France · 2016: 1.3 France · 2017: 1.3 France · 2018: 1.3 France · 2019: 1.3 France · 2020: 1.2 France · 2021: 1.2 France · 2022: 1.2 France · 2023: 1.2 France · 2024: 1.2 France · 2025: 1.2 Germany DE Germany · 2010: 1.1 Germany · 2011: 1.1 Germany · 2012: 1.0 Germany · 2013: 1.0 Germany · 2014: 1.0 Germany · 2015: 1.0 Germany · 2016: 1.0 Germany · 2017: 1.0 Germany · 2018: 1.0 Germany · 2019: 0.9 Germany · 2020: 0.9 Germany · 2021: 1.0 Germany · 2022: 1.0 Germany · 2023: 1.0 Germany · 2024: 1.0 Germany · 2025: 1.0 Greece EL Greece · 2010: 1.0 Greece · 2011: 1.1 Greece · 2012: 1.4 Greece · 2013: 1.3 Greece · 2014: 1.3 Greece · 2015: 1.3 Greece · 2016: 1.3 Greece · 2017: 1.3 Greece · 2018: 1.4 Greece · 2019: 1.6 Greece · 2020: 1.7 Greece · 2021: 1.6 Greece · 2022: 1.5 Greece · 2023: 1.6 Greece · 2024: 1.7 Greece · 2025: 1.5 Hungary HU Hungary · 2010: 1.2 Hungary · 2011: 1.2 Hungary · 2012: 1.2 Hungary · 2013: 1.2 Hungary · 2014: 1.3 Hungary · 2015: 1.3 Hungary · 2016: 1.4 Hungary · 2017: 1.4 Hungary · 2018: 1.2 Hungary · 2019: 1.3 Hungary · 2020: 1.1 Hungary · 2021: 1.1 Hungary · 2022: 1.1 Hungary · 2023: 1.2 Hungary · 2024: 1.0 Hungary · 2025: 1.0 Ireland IE Ireland · 2010: 1.1 Ireland · 2011: 1.0 Ireland · 2012: 1.0 Ireland · 2013: 0.9 Ireland · 2014: 0.9 Ireland · 2015: 0.9 Ireland · 2016: 0.9 Ireland · 2017: 0.8 Ireland · 2018: 0.8 Ireland · 2019: 0.9 Ireland · 2020: 0.8 Ireland · 2021: 0.8 Ireland · 2022: 0.8 Ireland · 2023: 0.8 Ireland · 2024: 0.8 Ireland · 2025: 0.8 Italy IT Italy · 2010: 1.1 Italy · 2011: 1.1 Italy · 2012: 1.2 Italy · 2013: 1.2 Italy · 2014: 1.3 Italy · 2015: 1.3 Italy · 2016: 1.4 Italy · 2017: 1.4 Italy · 2018: 1.4 Italy · 2019: 1.4 Italy · 2020: 1.4 Italy · 2021: 1.5 Italy · 2022: 1.5 Italy · 2023: 1.5 Italy · 2024: 1.6 Italy · 2025: 1.6 Latvia LV Latvia · 2010: 0.9 Latvia · 2011: 1.0 Latvia · 2012: 1.0 Latvia · 2013: 1.0 Latvia · 2014: 0.9 Latvia · 2015: 0.9 Latvia · 2016: 0.9 Latvia · 2017: 0.9 Latvia · 2018: 0.8 Latvia · 2019: 0.8 Latvia · 2020: 0.9 Latvia · 2021: 0.9 Latvia · 2022: 0.9 Latvia · 2023: 1.0 Latvia · 2024: 0.9 Latvia · 2025: 0.9 Lithuania LT Lithuania · 2010: 1.1 Lithuania · 2011: 1.1 Lithuania · 2012: 1.0 Lithuania · 2013: 1.0 Lithuania · 2014: 0.9 Lithuania · 2015: 0.9 Lithuania · 2016: 0.9 Lithuania · 2017: 0.9 Lithuania · 2018: 0.9 Lithuania · 2019: 0.9 Lithuania · 2020: 0.7 Lithuania · 2021: 0.7 Lithuania · 2022: 0.7 Lithuania · 2023: 0.7 Lithuania · 2024: 0.8 Lithuania · 2025: 0.7 Luxembourg LU Luxembourg · 2010: 1.3 Luxembourg · 2011: 1.3 Luxembourg · 2012: 1.5 Luxembourg · 2013: 1.6 Luxembourg · 2014: 1.6 Luxembourg · 2015: 1.5 Luxembourg · 2016: 1.6 Luxembourg · 2017: 1.6 Luxembourg · 2018: 1.8 Luxembourg · 2019: 1.7 Luxembourg · 2020: 2.1 Luxembourg · 2021: 1.7 Luxembourg · 2022: 1.9 Luxembourg · 2023: 1.4 Luxembourg · 2024: 1.6 Luxembourg · 2025: 1.8 Malta MT Malta · 2010: 0.9 Malta · 2011: 0.9 Malta · 2012: 0.9 Malta · 2013: 1.2 Malta · 2014: 1.1 Malta · 2015: 1.1 Malta · 2016: 1.1 Malta · 2017: 1.1 Malta · 2018: 1.2 Malta · 2019: 1.2 Malta · 2020: 1.2 Malta · 2021: 1.1 Malta · 2022: 1.1 Malta · 2024: 1.0 Malta · 2025: 0.9 Netherlands NL Netherlands · 2010: 1.0 Netherlands · 2011: 0.9 Netherlands · 2012: 1.0 Netherlands · 2013: 1.0 Netherlands · 2014: 1.0 Netherlands · 2015: 1.0 Netherlands · 2016: 1.0 Netherlands · 2017: 1.0 Netherlands · 2018: 1.1 Netherlands · 2019: 1.1 Netherlands · 2020: 1.1 Netherlands · 2021: 1.0 Netherlands · 2022: 1.1 Netherlands · 2023: 1.1 Netherlands · 2024: 1.1 Netherlands · 2025: 1.1 Poland PL Poland · 2010: 1.2 Poland · 2011: 1.1 Poland · 2012: 1.1 Poland · 2013: 1.2 Poland · 2014: 1.2 Poland · 2015: 1.2 Poland · 2016: 1.2 Poland · 2017: 1.3 Poland · 2018: 1.2 Poland · 2019: 1.2 Poland · 2020: 1.2 Poland · 2021: 1.2 Poland · 2022: 1.2 Poland · 2023: 1.1 Poland · 2024: 1.2 Poland · 2025: 1.2 Portugal PT Portugal · 2010: 1.1 Portugal · 2011: 1.1 Portugal · 2012: 1.2 Portugal · 2013: 1.3 Portugal · 2014: 1.3 Portugal · 2015: 1.3 Portugal · 2016: 1.3 Portugal · 2017: 1.4 Portugal · 2018: 1.4 Portugal · 2019: 1.4 Portugal · 2020: 1.3 Portugal · 2021: 1.3 Portugal · 2022: 1.4 Portugal · 2023: 1.2 Portugal · 2024: 1.2 Portugal · 2025: 1.4 Romania RO Romania · 2010: 1.4 Romania · 2011: 1.4 Romania · 2012: 1.3 Romania · 2013: 1.4 Romania · 2014: 1.3 Romania · 2015: 1.3 Romania · 2016: 1.3 Romania · 2017: 1.3 Romania · 2018: 1.1 Romania · 2019: 0.8 Romania · 2020: 0.8 Romania · 2021: 0.9 Romania · 2022: 1.0 Romania · 2023: 1.0 Romania · 2024: 0.9 Romania · 2025: 0.9 Slovakia SK Slovakia · 2010: 1.2 Slovakia · 2011: 1.2 Slovakia · 2012: 1.2 Slovakia · 2013: 1.2 Slovakia · 2014: 1.2 Slovakia · 2015: 1.3 Slovakia · 2016: 1.2 Slovakia · 2017: 1.2 Slovakia · 2018: 1.2 Slovakia · 2019: 1.1 Slovakia · 2020: 1.1 Slovakia · 2021: 1.2 Slovakia · 2022: 1.2 Slovakia · 2023: 1.2 Slovakia · 2024: 1.5 Slovakia · 2025: 1.2 Slovenia SI Slovenia · 2010: 0.9 Slovenia · 2011: 0.9 Slovenia · 2012: 0.9 Slovenia · 2013: 0.9 Slovenia · 2014: 0.9 Slovenia · 2015: 1.0 Slovenia · 2016: 1.0 Slovenia · 2017: 0.9 Slovenia · 2018: 0.9 Slovenia · 2019: 0.9 Slovenia · 2020: 0.8 Slovenia · 2021: 0.9 Slovenia · 2022: 0.9 Slovenia · 2023: 0.9 Slovenia · 2024: 0.9 Slovenia · 2025: 0.8 Spain ES Spain · 2010: 1.0 Spain · 2011: 1.1 Spain · 2012: 1.1 Spain · 2013: 1.2 Spain · 2014: 1.2 Spain · 2015: 1.3 Spain · 2016: 1.3 Spain · 2017: 1.4 Spain · 2018: 1.4 Spain · 2019: 1.4 Spain · 2020: 1.4 Spain · 2021: 1.5 Spain · 2022: 1.5 Spain · 2023: 1.5 Spain · 2024: 1.6 Spain · 2025: 1.6 Sweden SE Sweden · 2010: 1.2 Sweden · 2011: 1.2 Sweden · 2012: 1.1 Sweden · 2013: 1.1 Sweden · 2014: 1.2 Sweden · 2015: 1.2 Sweden · 2016: 1.2 Sweden · 2017: 1.2 Sweden · 2018: 1.2 Sweden · 2019: 1.2 Sweden · 2020: 1.2 Sweden · 2021: 1.2 Sweden · 2022: 1.1 Sweden · 2023: 1.2 Sweden · 2024: 1.2 Sweden · 2025: 1.2
0.6 2.1

Member states · ranked by latest value

By year