Employment rates by citizenship

In 2021, Spain's employment rates by citizenship increased by 3.6% compared to 2020, reaching 57.7%.

The figure is below the EU-27 average of 63.4%.

Spain ranks 24th out of 27 EU member states with reported data — in the bottom half of the distribution.

Over the past five years, the indicator has grown by 6.3% (from 54.3% in 2016).

Source: Eurostat dataset lfsa_ergan, accessed via the eupublicdata pipeline.