tepsr_wc230 · 2010–2025

Labour transitions from temporary to permanent contracts by sex -3-year average

Eurostat tepsr_wc230 — Labour transitions from temporary to permanent contracts by sex -3-year average. Data range: 2008 to 2025.

At a glance

In 2025, the EU-27 figure for labour transitions from temporary to permanent contracts by sex -3-year average was 35.2 .

That is a 3.0% fell versus 2024 (36.3).

Over the five years before that, the EU-27 aggregate moved 29.4% higher.

Across member states, Romania reported the highest value (64.6, 2025) and Bulgaria the lowest (17.0, 2025) — a ratio of 3.8× between the two ends of the range.

The figures below come from Eurostat dataset tepsr_wc230; every value links back to the canonical source.

EU-27 · 2025
35.2
HIGHEST · 2025
Romania
64.6
LOWEST · 2025
Bulgaria
17.0

Map · 2025

Finland: 33.5 FI 33.5 Sweden: 44.0 SE 44.0 Denmark: 34.9 DK 34.9 Estonia: 41.2 EE 41.2 Ireland: 53.7 IE 53.7 Netherlands: 41.3 NL 41.3 Germany: 36.9 DE 36.9 Poland: 50.7 PL 50.7 Latvia: 58.3 LV 58.3 Belgium: 39.5 BE 39.5 Luxembourg: 50.4 LU 50.4 Czechia: 47.0 CZ 47.0 Slovakia: 45.7 SK 45.7 Lithuania: 31.1 LT 31.1 France: 28.2 FR 28.2 Austria: 41.2 AT 41.2 Hungary: 58.3 HU 58.3 Romania: 64.6 RO 64.6 Portugal: 44.1 PT 44.1 Spain: 23.4 ES 23.4 Italy: 21.3 IT 21.3 Slovenia: 52.6 SI 52.6 Bulgaria: 17.0 BG 17.0 Cyprus: 38.9 CY 38.9 Malta: 59.0 MT 59.0 Croatia: 52.9 HR 52.9 Greece: 25.0 EL 25.0
17.0 64.6

Ranking · 2025

Romania RO 64.6 Malta MT 59 Hungary HU 58.3 Latvia LV 58.3 Ireland IE 53.7 Croatia HR 52.9 Slovenia SI 52.6 Poland PL 50.7 Luxembourg LU 50.4 Czechia CZ 47 Slovakia SK 45.7 Portugal PT 44.1 Sweden SE 44 Netherlands NL 41.3 Austria AT 41.2 Estonia EE 41.2 Belgium BE 39.5 Cyprus CY 38.9 Germany DE 36.9 European Union (27) EU 35.2 Denmark DK 34.9 Finland FI 33.5 Lithuania LT 31.1 France FR 28.2 Greece EL 25 Spain ES 23.4 Italy IT 21.3 Bulgaria BG 17
2025 ranking · 28 countries

Time series · top 12 countries + EU-27

8.96 27.35 45.75 64.15 82.54 2008 2010 2013 2015 2018 2020 2023 2025 Romania Malta Hungary Latvia Ireland Croatia Slovenia Poland Luxembourg Czechia Slovakia Portugal European Union (27) Labour transitions from temporary to permanent contracts by sex -3-year average (value) RO MT HU LV IE HR SI PL LU CZ SK PT EU27_2020
  • Romania 64.6
  • Malta 59
  • Hungary 58.3
  • Latvia 58.3
  • Ireland 53.7
  • Croatia 52.9
  • Slovenia 52.6
  • Poland 50.7
  • Luxembourg 50.4
  • Czechia 47
  • Slovakia 45.7
  • Portugal 44.1
  • European Union (27) 35.2

Country × year heatmap · all values

200820102012201420162018202020222024 Austria AT Austria · 2008: 45.4 Austria · 2009: 48.0 Austria · 2010: 47.2 Austria · 2011: 43.7 Austria · 2012: 44.4 Austria · 2013: 45.8 Austria · 2014: 47.9 Austria · 2015: 45.9 Austria · 2016: 46.9 Austria · 2017: 43.3 Austria · 2018: 42.8 Austria · 2019: 41.4 Austria · 2020: 43.3 Austria · 2021: 42.5 Austria · 2022: 41.9 Austria · 2023: 42.6 Austria · 2024: 43.0 Austria · 2025: 41.2 Belgium BE Belgium · 2008: 37.6 Belgium · 2009: 37.2 Belgium · 2010: 37.6 Belgium · 2011: 34.9 Belgium · 2012: 37.2 Belgium · 2013: 37.9 Belgium · 2014: 38.3 Belgium · 2015: 35.6 Belgium · 2016: 35.5 Belgium · 2017: 37.9 Belgium · 2018: 37.6 Belgium · 2019: 38.3 Belgium · 2020: 39.3 Belgium · 2021: 41.1 Belgium · 2022: 43.7 Belgium · 2023: 41.8 Belgium · 2024: 41.6 Belgium · 2025: 39.5 Bulgaria BG Bulgaria · 2009: 46.8 Bulgaria · 2010: 44.4 Bulgaria · 2011: 40.7 Bulgaria · 2012: 38.8 Bulgaria · 2013: 34.7 Bulgaria · 2014: 31.5 Bulgaria · 2015: 28.9 Bulgaria · 2016: 28.2 Bulgaria · 2017: 25.6 Bulgaria · 2018: 19.0 Bulgaria · 2019: 21.0 Bulgaria · 2020: 19.3 Bulgaria · 2021: 35.5 Bulgaria · 2022: 29.7 Bulgaria · 2023: 30.0 Bulgaria · 2024: 15.1 Bulgaria · 2025: 17.0 Croatia HR Croatia · 2013: 35.5 Croatia · 2014: 29.8 Croatia · 2015: 29.4 Croatia · 2016: 32.2 Croatia · 2017: 34.1 Croatia · 2018: 34.9 Croatia · 2019: 39.2 Croatia · 2020: 40.0 Croatia · 2021: 39.0 Croatia · 2022: 38.8 Croatia · 2023: 43.8 Croatia · 2024: 49.5 Croatia · 2025: 52.9 Cyprus CY Cyprus · 2008: 27.8 Cyprus · 2009: 26.1 Cyprus · 2010: 26.0 Cyprus · 2011: 23.9 Cyprus · 2012: 23.0 Cyprus · 2013: 22.1 Cyprus · 2014: 20.4 Cyprus · 2015: 21.7 Cyprus · 2016: 26.3 Cyprus · 2017: 31.2 Cyprus · 2018: 30.8 Cyprus · 2019: 28.9 Cyprus · 2020: 28.4 Cyprus · 2021: 29.2 Cyprus · 2022: 34.1 Cyprus · 2023: 40.4 Cyprus · 2024: 42.9 Cyprus · 2025: 38.9 Czechia CZ Czechia · 2008: 36.8 Czechia · 2009: 37.9 Czechia · 2010: 37.0 Czechia · 2011: 37.7 Czechia · 2012: 36.0 Czechia · 2013: 34.7 Czechia · 2014: 33.5 Czechia · 2015: 35.1 Czechia · 2016: 36.5 Czechia · 2017: 39.6 Czechia · 2018: 42.9 Czechia · 2019: 47.3 Czechia · 2020: 49.6 Czechia · 2021: 47.9 Czechia · 2022: 46.9 Czechia · 2023: 46.8 Czechia · 2024: 47.9 Czechia · 2025: 47.0 Denmark DK Denmark · 2014: 32.2 Denmark · 2015: 39.2 Denmark · 2016: 44.8 Denmark · 2017: 41.8 Denmark · 2018: 39.4 Denmark · 2019: 37.8 Denmark · 2020: 36.9 Denmark · 2021: 34.6 Denmark · 2022: 32.2 Denmark · 2023: 34.0 Denmark · 2024: 36.6 Denmark · 2025: 34.9 Estonia EE Estonia · 2008: 63.7 Estonia · 2009: 57.4 Estonia · 2011: 40.2 Estonia · 2012: 47.0 Estonia · 2013: 63.0 Estonia · 2014: 62.5 Estonia · 2015: 55.7 Estonia · 2016: 45.0 Estonia · 2017: 37.5 Estonia · 2018: 38.2 Estonia · 2022: 49.7 Estonia · 2023: 52.9 Estonia · 2024: 47.9 Estonia · 2025: 41.2 Finland FI Finland · 2008: 15.2 Finland · 2009: 18.6 Finland · 2010: 32.3 Finland · 2011: 38.3 Finland · 2012: 36.1 Finland · 2013: 31.3 Finland · 2014: 31.1 Finland · 2015: 28.8 Finland · 2016: 25.9 Finland · 2017: 26.5 Finland · 2018: 27.5 Finland · 2019: 29.2 Finland · 2020: 29.6 Finland · 2021: 30.4 Finland · 2022: 49.2 Finland · 2023: 51.5 Finland · 2024: 53.6 Finland · 2025: 33.5 France FR France · 2008: 14.0 France · 2009: 12.3 France · 2010: 11.8 France · 2011: 11.7 France · 2012: 11.1 France · 2013: 11.2 France · 2014: 10.0 France · 2015: 10.0 France · 2016: 10.7 France · 2017: 11.7 France · 2018: 12.1 France · 2019: 12.0 France · 2020: 19.3 France · 2021: 21.2 France · 2022: 29.4 France · 2023: 27.7 France · 2024: 32.5 France · 2025: 28.2 Germany DE Germany · 2008: 21.1 Germany · 2009: 33.3 Germany · 2010: 38.2 Germany · 2011: 39.4 Germany · 2012: 40.6 Germany · 2013: 36.1 Germany · 2014: 32.9 Germany · 2015: 29.1 Germany · 2016: 30.3 Germany · 2017: 31.3 Germany · 2018: 31.0 Germany · 2019: 31.8 Germany · 2020: 32.1 Germany · 2025: 36.9 Greece EL Greece · 2008: 19.9 Greece · 2009: 20.5 Greece · 2010: 19.0 Greece · 2011: 21.0 Greece · 2012: 20.1 Greece · 2013: 18.3 Greece · 2014: 17.9 Greece · 2015: 17.7 Greece · 2016: 21.5 Greece · 2017: 20.0 Greece · 2018: 21.9 Greece · 2019: 21.7 Greece · 2020: 22.7 Greece · 2021: 22.5 Greece · 2022: 24.4 Greece · 2023: 26.7 Greece · 2024: 25.0 Hungary HU Hungary · 2008: 50.2 Hungary · 2009: 49.7 Hungary · 2010: 46.7 Hungary · 2011: 42.6 Hungary · 2012: 37.8 Hungary · 2013: 37.0 Hungary · 2014: 38.0 Hungary · 2015: 38.5 Hungary · 2016: 37.2 Hungary · 2017: 32.6 Hungary · 2018: 31.2 Hungary · 2019: 33.3 Hungary · 2020: 35.7 Hungary · 2021: 37.4 Hungary · 2022: 43.7 Hungary · 2023: 52.5 Hungary · 2024: 60.6 Hungary · 2025: 58.3 Ireland IE Ireland · 2011: 33.8 Ireland · 2012: 36.2 Ireland · 2013: 39.6 Ireland · 2014: 39.0 Ireland · 2015: 41.0 Ireland · 2016: 41.4 Ireland · 2017: 44.7 Ireland · 2018: 45.4 Ireland · 2019: 46.7 Ireland · 2020: 43.7 Ireland · 2021: 40.8 Ireland · 2022: 43.5 Ireland · 2023: 48.0 Ireland · 2024: 53.7 Italy IT Italy · 2008: 27.8 Italy · 2009: 27.8 Italy · 2010: 26.1 Italy · 2011: 23.7 Italy · 2012: 21.4 Italy · 2013: 20.1 Italy · 2014: 19.1 Italy · 2015: 19.8 Italy · 2016: 20.1 Italy · 2017: 16.3 Italy · 2018: 14.8 Italy · 2019: 14.4 Italy · 2020: 19.8 Italy · 2021: 26.7 Italy · 2022: 26.0 Italy · 2023: 25.6 Italy · 2024: 19.7 Italy · 2025: 21.3 Latvia LV Latvia · 2009: 46.9 Latvia · 2010: 41.9 Latvia · 2011: 38.0 Latvia · 2012: 37.8 Latvia · 2013: 44.3 Latvia · 2014: 50.2 Latvia · 2015: 57.1 Latvia · 2016: 57.9 Latvia · 2022: 78.6 Latvia · 2023: 72.2 Latvia · 2024: 61.6 Latvia · 2025: 58.3 Lithuania LT Lithuania · 2008: 48.1 Lithuania · 2009: 58.0 Lithuania · 2010: 58.0 Lithuania · 2011: 53.9 Lithuania · 2012: 38.6 Lithuania · 2013: 41.4 Lithuania · 2014: 38.2 Lithuania · 2015: 46.1 Lithuania · 2016: 39.5 Lithuania · 2017: 34.7 Lithuania · 2019: 25.3 Lithuania · 2020: 28.1 Lithuania · 2021: 52.5 Lithuania · 2022: 52.2 Lithuania · 2023: 50.9 Lithuania · 2024: 36.4 Lithuania · 2025: 31.1 Luxembourg LU Luxembourg · 2008: 42.5 Luxembourg · 2009: 41.3 Luxembourg · 2010: 37.0 Luxembourg · 2011: 33.2 Luxembourg · 2012: 29.7 Luxembourg · 2013: 32.4 Luxembourg · 2014: 34.5 Luxembourg · 2015: 34.3 Luxembourg · 2016: 34.2 Luxembourg · 2017: 33.1 Luxembourg · 2018: 34.2 Luxembourg · 2019: 35.2 Luxembourg · 2020: 38.3 Luxembourg · 2021: 40.9 Luxembourg · 2022: 50.4 Malta MT Malta · 2008: 49.0 Malta · 2009: 66.7 Malta · 2010: 46.4 Malta · 2011: 47.9 Malta · 2012: 26.5 Malta · 2013: 31.6 Malta · 2014: 12.9 Malta · 2015: 15.0 Malta · 2018: 27.0 Malta · 2019: 31.8 Malta · 2020: 34.4 Malta · 2021: 35.3 Malta · 2022: 59.6 Malta · 2023: 75.5 Malta · 2024: 68.9 Malta · 2025: 59.0 Netherlands NL Netherlands · 2008: 24.5 Netherlands · 2009: 26.6 Netherlands · 2010: 24.4 Netherlands · 2011: 22.4 Netherlands · 2012: 19.1 Netherlands · 2013: 16.6 Netherlands · 2014: 16.2 Netherlands · 2015: 22.5 Netherlands · 2016: 30.9 Netherlands · 2017: 36.9 Netherlands · 2018: 38.8 Netherlands · 2019: 41.3 Netherlands · 2020: 44.3 Netherlands · 2021: 44.1 Netherlands · 2022: 44.7 Netherlands · 2023: 41.4 Netherlands · 2024: 42.3 Netherlands · 2025: 41.3 Poland PL Poland · 2008: 28.6 Poland · 2009: 28.6 Poland · 2010: 26.9 Poland · 2011: 23.6 Poland · 2012: 20.7 Poland · 2013: 18.8 Poland · 2014: 18.4 Poland · 2015: 18.8 Poland · 2016: 22.0 Poland · 2017: 25.7 Poland · 2018: 30.0 Poland · 2019: 34.8 Poland · 2020: 28.3 Poland · 2021: 31.5 Poland · 2022: 32.8 Poland · 2023: 47.2 Poland · 2024: 48.4 Poland · 2025: 50.7 Portugal PT Portugal · 2008: 20.2 Portugal · 2009: 23.9 Portugal · 2010: 27.8 Portugal · 2011: 26.2 Portugal · 2012: 28.2 Portugal · 2013: 26.3 Portugal · 2014: 25.8 Portugal · 2015: 26.2 Portugal · 2016: 28.2 Portugal · 2017: 30.3 Portugal · 2018: 31.2 Portugal · 2019: 33.6 Portugal · 2020: 35.0 Portugal · 2021: 37.9 Portugal · 2022: 39.5 Portugal · 2023: 39.7 Portugal · 2024: 43.1 Portugal · 2025: 44.1 Romania RO Romania · 2010: 54.6 Romania · 2011: 56.3 Romania · 2012: 57.3 Romania · 2013: 57.8 Romania · 2014: 57.8 Romania · 2015: 56.5 Romania · 2016: 56.1 Romania · 2017: 56.9 Romania · 2018: 62.7 Romania · 2019: 60.5 Romania · 2020: 58.8 Romania · 2021: 51.7 Romania · 2022: 56.9 Romania · 2023: 61.8 Romania · 2024: 66.3 Romania · 2025: 64.6 Slovakia SK Slovakia · 2008: 57.6 Slovakia · 2009: 57.2 Slovakia · 2010: 47.3 Slovakia · 2011: 41.7 Slovakia · 2012: 40.9 Slovakia · 2013: 41.3 Slovakia · 2014: 39.4 Slovakia · 2015: 35.7 Slovakia · 2016: 36.0 Slovakia · 2019: 30.8 Slovakia · 2020: 41.1 Slovakia · 2021: 34.6 Slovakia · 2022: 35.2 Slovakia · 2023: 41.7 Slovakia · 2024: 45.7 Slovenia SI Slovenia · 2008: 39.2 Slovenia · 2009: 38.4 Slovenia · 2010: 37.0 Slovenia · 2011: 36.8 Slovenia · 2012: 35.4 Slovenia · 2013: 37.1 Slovenia · 2014: 41.0 Slovenia · 2015: 41.2 Slovenia · 2016: 42.4 Slovenia · 2017: 38.4 Slovenia · 2018: 40.7 Slovenia · 2019: 43.3 Slovenia · 2020: 47.9 Slovenia · 2021: 48.8 Slovenia · 2022: 48.3 Slovenia · 2023: 47.9 Slovenia · 2024: 49.9 Slovenia · 2025: 52.6 Spain ES Spain · 2008: 25.2 Spain · 2009: 21.2 Spain · 2010: 17.9 Spain · 2011: 14.8 Spain · 2012: 13.7 Spain · 2013: 13.2 Spain · 2014: 13.6 Spain · 2015: 12.2 Spain · 2016: 10.7 Spain · 2017: 11.5 Spain · 2018: 13.9 Spain · 2019: 15.1 Spain · 2020: 16.3 Spain · 2021: 25.7 Spain · 2022: 28.8 Spain · 2023: 31.0 Spain · 2024: 23.8 Spain · 2025: 23.4 Sweden SE Sweden · 2008: 40.8 Sweden · 2009: 41.1 Sweden · 2010: 41.4 Sweden · 2011: 40.0 Sweden · 2012: 41.2 Sweden · 2013: 40.8 Sweden · 2014: 40.0 Sweden · 2015: 38.4 Sweden · 2016: 37.7 Sweden · 2017: 37.7 Sweden · 2018: 40.1 Sweden · 2019: 42.7 Sweden · 2020: 44.6 Sweden · 2021: 43.2 Sweden · 2022: 41.8 Sweden · 2023: 43.8 Sweden · 2024: 45.8 Sweden · 2025: 44.0
10.0 78.6

Member states · ranked by latest value

By year