une_rt_a · 2009–2025

Unemployment by sex and age - annual data

Eurostat une_rt_a — Unemployment by sex and age - annual data. Data range: 2003 to 2025.

At a glance

In 2025, the EU-27 figure for unemployment by sex and age was 15.2%.

That is a 2.0% rose versus 2024 (14.9%).

Over the five years before that, the EU-27 aggregate moved 13.6% lower.

Across member states, Romania reported the highest value (26.1%, 2025) and Germany the lowest (7.1%, 2025) — a ratio of 3.7× between the two ends of the range.

The figures below come from Eurostat dataset une_rt_a; every value links back to the canonical source.

EU-27 · 2025
15.2%
HIGHEST · 2025
Romania
26.1%
LOWEST · 2025
Germany
7.1%

Map · 2025

Finland: 21.8 FI 21.8 Sweden: 24.3 SE 24.3 Denmark: 13.8 DK 13.8 Estonia: 20.7 EE 20.7 Ireland: 11.8 IE 11.8 Netherlands: 8.8 NL 8.8 Germany: 7.1 DE 7.1 Poland: 12.2 PL 12.2 Latvia: 14.8 LV 14.8 Belgium: 17.4 BE 17.4 Luxembourg: 18.6 LU 18.6 Czechia: 10.4 CZ 10.4 Slovakia: 15.3 SK 15.3 Lithuania: 14.1 LT 14.1 France: 19.7 FR 19.7 Austria: 11.5 AT 11.5 Hungary: 13.9 HU 13.9 Romania: 26.1 RO 26.1 Portugal: 19.5 PT 19.5 Spain: 24.9 ES 24.9 Italy: 20.6 IT 20.6 Slovenia: 12.1 SI 12.1 Bulgaria: 13.1 BG 13.1 Cyprus: 13.5 CY 13.5 Malta: 9.6 MT 9.6 Croatia: 18.3 HR 18.3 Greece: 19.1 EL 19.1
7.1 26.1

Ranking · 2025

Romania RO 26.1 Spain ES 24.9 Sweden SE 24.3 Finland FI 21.8 Estonia EE 20.7 Italy IT 20.6 France FR 19.7 Portugal PT 19.5 Greece EL 19.1 Luxembourg LU 18.6 Croatia HR 18.3 Belgium BE 17.4 Slovakia SK 15.3 European Union (27) EU 15.2 Latvia LV 14.8 Lithuania LT 14.1 Hungary HU 13.9 Denmark DK 13.8 Cyprus CY 13.5 Bulgaria BG 13.1 Poland PL 12.2 Slovenia SI 12.1 Ireland IE 11.8 Austria AT 11.5 Czechia CZ 10.4 Malta MT 9.6 Netherlands NL 8.8 Germany DE 7.1
2025 ranking · 28 countries

Time series · top 12 countries + EU-27

8.74 22.07 35.4 48.73 62.06 2003 2006 2009 2012 2016 2019 2022 2025 Romania Spain Sweden Finland Estonia Italy France Portugal Greece Luxembourg Croatia Belgium European Union (27) Unemployment by sex and age - annual data (pct) RO ES SE FI EE IT FR PT EL LU HR BE EU27_2020
  • Romania 26.1
  • Spain 24.9
  • Sweden 24.3
  • Finland 21.8
  • Estonia 20.7
  • Italy 20.6
  • France 19.7
  • Portugal 19.5
  • Greece 19.1
  • Luxembourg 18.6
  • Croatia 18.3
  • Belgium 17.4
  • European Union (27) 15.2

Country × year heatmap · all values

200320052007200920112013201520172019202120232025 Austria AT Austria · 2009: 11.3 Austria · 2010: 10.1 Austria · 2011: 9.5 Austria · 2012: 10.0 Austria · 2013: 10.3 Austria · 2014: 11.0 Austria · 2015: 11.3 Austria · 2016: 12.0 Austria · 2017: 10.5 Austria · 2018: 10.0 Austria · 2019: 9.1 Austria · 2020: 11.7 Austria · 2021: 11.0 Austria · 2022: 9.5 Austria · 2023: 10.4 Austria · 2024: 10.3 Austria · 2025: 11.5 Belgium BE Belgium · 2009: 22.0 Belgium · 2010: 22.4 Belgium · 2011: 18.9 Belgium · 2012: 20.0 Belgium · 2013: 23.9 Belgium · 2014: 23.4 Belgium · 2015: 22.5 Belgium · 2016: 20.3 Belgium · 2017: 19.4 Belgium · 2018: 16.0 Belgium · 2019: 14.5 Belgium · 2020: 15.9 Belgium · 2021: 18.2 Belgium · 2022: 16.4 Belgium · 2023: 16.1 Belgium · 2024: 17.4 Belgium · 2025: 17.4 Bulgaria BG Bulgaria · 2009: 19.4 Bulgaria · 2010: 25.1 Bulgaria · 2011: 28.2 Bulgaria · 2012: 31.2 Bulgaria · 2013: 31.5 Bulgaria · 2014: 26.9 Bulgaria · 2015: 24.7 Bulgaria · 2016: 20.4 Bulgaria · 2017: 16.1 Bulgaria · 2018: 15.9 Bulgaria · 2019: 12.1 Bulgaria · 2020: 17.5 Bulgaria · 2021: 15.8 Bulgaria · 2022: 10.6 Bulgaria · 2023: 12.1 Bulgaria · 2024: 12.3 Bulgaria · 2025: 13.1 Croatia HR Croatia · 2009: 24.8 Croatia · 2010: 33.0 Croatia · 2011: 36.1 Croatia · 2012: 42.5 Croatia · 2013: 50.5 Croatia · 2014: 45.7 Croatia · 2015: 42.3 Croatia · 2016: 30.9 Croatia · 2017: 27.4 Croatia · 2018: 23.5 Croatia · 2019: 16.7 Croatia · 2020: 20.6 Croatia · 2021: 21.5 Croatia · 2022: 17.7 Croatia · 2023: 18.9 Croatia · 2024: 16.8 Croatia · 2025: 18.3 Cyprus CY Cyprus · 2009: 13.8 Cyprus · 2010: 16.6 Cyprus · 2011: 22.4 Cyprus · 2012: 27.7 Cyprus · 2013: 38.9 Cyprus · 2014: 36.0 Cyprus · 2015: 32.8 Cyprus · 2016: 29.1 Cyprus · 2017: 24.7 Cyprus · 2018: 20.2 Cyprus · 2019: 17.6 Cyprus · 2020: 17.6 Cyprus · 2021: 17.3 Cyprus · 2022: 18.1 Cyprus · 2023: 16.6 Cyprus · 2024: 13.0 Cyprus · 2025: 13.5 Czechia CZ Czechia · 2009: 16.6 Czechia · 2010: 18.3 Czechia · 2011: 18.1 Czechia · 2012: 19.5 Czechia · 2013: 19.0 Czechia · 2014: 15.9 Czechia · 2015: 12.6 Czechia · 2016: 10.5 Czechia · 2017: 7.9 Czechia · 2018: 6.7 Czechia · 2019: 5.6 Czechia · 2020: 8.0 Czechia · 2021: 8.2 Czechia · 2022: 6.8 Czechia · 2023: 8.3 Czechia · 2024: 9.1 Czechia · 2025: 10.4 Denmark DK Denmark · 2009: 13.5 Denmark · 2010: 15.6 Denmark · 2011: 16.4 Denmark · 2012: 15.8 Denmark · 2013: 14.8 Denmark · 2014: 14.2 Denmark · 2015: 12.2 Denmark · 2016: 12.2 Denmark · 2017: 12.4 Denmark · 2018: 10.5 Denmark · 2019: 10.1 Denmark · 2020: 11.7 Denmark · 2021: 10.8 Denmark · 2022: 10.6 Denmark · 2023: 11.5 Denmark · 2024: 14.6 Denmark · 2025: 13.8 Estonia EE Estonia · 2009: 27.2 Estonia · 2010: 32.6 Estonia · 2011: 22.3 Estonia · 2012: 20.7 Estonia · 2013: 18.6 Estonia · 2014: 14.9 Estonia · 2015: 14.3 Estonia · 2016: 14.0 Estonia · 2017: 12.1 Estonia · 2018: 12.0 Estonia · 2019: 11.6 Estonia · 2020: 18.3 Estonia · 2021: 16.7 Estonia · 2022: 18.6 Estonia · 2023: 17.3 Estonia · 2024: 19.1 Estonia · 2025: 20.7 Finland FI Finland · 2009: 21.7 Finland · 2010: 22.0 Finland · 2011: 20.3 Finland · 2012: 19.5 Finland · 2013: 20.6 Finland · 2014: 20.5 Finland · 2015: 22.5 Finland · 2016: 20.5 Finland · 2017: 20.0 Finland · 2018: 17.3 Finland · 2019: 17.7 Finland · 2020: 21.0 Finland · 2021: 17.1 Finland · 2022: 14.2 Finland · 2023: 16.2 Finland · 2024: 18.8 Finland · 2025: 21.8 France FR France · 2003: 20.1 France · 2004: 21.7 France · 2005: 22.3 France · 2006: 23.5 France · 2007: 20.8 France · 2008: 20.2 France · 2009: 25.0 France · 2010: 24.7 France · 2011: 24.1 France · 2012: 25.8 France · 2013: 26.4 France · 2014: 25.7 France · 2015: 26.1 France · 2016: 26.0 France · 2017: 23.5 France · 2018: 22.0 France · 2019: 20.7 France · 2020: 21.5 France · 2021: 18.9 France · 2022: 17.3 France · 2023: 17.2 France · 2024: 18.7 France · 2025: 19.7 Germany DE Germany · 2009: 11.9 Germany · 2010: 10.5 Germany · 2011: 9.1 Germany · 2012: 8.6 Germany · 2013: 8.3 Germany · 2014: 8.2 Germany · 2015: 7.7 Germany · 2016: 7.5 Germany · 2017: 7.2 Germany · 2018: 6.6 Germany · 2019: 6.1 Germany · 2020: 7.9 Germany · 2021: 7.0 Germany · 2022: 6.0 Germany · 2023: 5.9 Germany · 2024: 6.5 Germany · 2025: 7.1 Greece EL Greece · 2009: 26.1 Greece · 2010: 33.6 Greece · 2011: 45.2 Greece · 2012: 55.9 Greece · 2013: 59.2 Greece · 2014: 53.0 Greece · 2015: 50.3 Greece · 2016: 48.2 Greece · 2017: 44.5 Greece · 2018: 41.2 Greece · 2019: 37.5 Greece · 2020: 38.0 Greece · 2021: 35.5 Greece · 2022: 31.4 Greece · 2023: 26.7 Greece · 2024: 22.5 Greece · 2025: 19.1 Hungary HU Hungary · 2009: 25.8 Hungary · 2010: 25.9 Hungary · 2011: 25.4 Hungary · 2012: 27.8 Hungary · 2013: 26.1 Hungary · 2014: 20.1 Hungary · 2015: 17.1 Hungary · 2016: 12.7 Hungary · 2017: 10.5 Hungary · 2018: 9.9 Hungary · 2019: 11.4 Hungary · 2020: 12.7 Hungary · 2021: 13.6 Hungary · 2022: 10.6 Hungary · 2023: 12.8 Hungary · 2024: 15.2 Hungary · 2025: 13.9 Ireland IE Ireland · 2009: 24.5 Ireland · 2010: 28.1 Ireland · 2011: 29.6 Ireland · 2012: 30.8 Ireland · 2013: 26.7 Ireland · 2014: 23.4 Ireland · 2015: 20.2 Ireland · 2016: 16.8 Ireland · 2017: 14.4 Ireland · 2018: 13.8 Ireland · 2019: 12.5 Ireland · 2020: 15.8 Ireland · 2021: 14.6 Ireland · 2022: 10.1 Ireland · 2023: 10.7 Ireland · 2024: 10.6 Ireland · 2025: 11.8 Italy IT Italy · 2009: 25.4 Italy · 2010: 28.0 Italy · 2011: 29.2 Italy · 2012: 35.3 Italy · 2013: 40.0 Italy · 2014: 42.7 Italy · 2015: 40.3 Italy · 2016: 37.7 Italy · 2017: 34.6 Italy · 2018: 32.2 Italy · 2019: 29.2 Italy · 2020: 29.8 Italy · 2021: 29.7 Italy · 2022: 23.7 Italy · 2023: 22.7 Italy · 2024: 20.3 Italy · 2025: 20.6 Latvia LV Latvia · 2009: 33.4 Latvia · 2010: 36.2 Latvia · 2011: 31.0 Latvia · 2012: 28.5 Latvia · 2013: 23.2 Latvia · 2014: 19.6 Latvia · 2015: 16.3 Latvia · 2016: 17.5 Latvia · 2017: 17.0 Latvia · 2018: 12.2 Latvia · 2019: 12.7 Latvia · 2020: 14.9 Latvia · 2021: 14.8 Latvia · 2022: 15.3 Latvia · 2023: 12.3 Latvia · 2024: 13.6 Latvia · 2025: 14.8 Lithuania LT Lithuania · 2009: 29.6 Lithuania · 2010: 35.7 Lithuania · 2011: 32.6 Lithuania · 2012: 26.7 Lithuania · 2013: 21.9 Lithuania · 2014: 19.3 Lithuania · 2015: 16.3 Lithuania · 2016: 14.5 Lithuania · 2017: 13.3 Lithuania · 2018: 11.1 Lithuania · 2019: 11.9 Lithuania · 2020: 19.6 Lithuania · 2021: 14.3 Lithuania · 2022: 11.9 Lithuania · 2023: 13.8 Lithuania · 2024: 16.2 Lithuania · 2025: 14.1 Luxembourg LU Luxembourg · 2009: 17.2 Luxembourg · 2010: 14.2 Luxembourg · 2011: 16.8 Luxembourg · 2012: 18.8 Luxembourg · 2013: 15.5 Luxembourg · 2014: 22.6 Luxembourg · 2015: 17.3 Luxembourg · 2016: 18.9 Luxembourg · 2017: 15.4 Luxembourg · 2018: 14.2 Luxembourg · 2019: 17.0 Luxembourg · 2020: 23.2 Luxembourg · 2021: 16.9 Luxembourg · 2022: 17.6 Luxembourg · 2023: 18.8 Luxembourg · 2024: 21.6 Luxembourg · 2025: 18.6 Malta MT Malta · 2009: 14.5 Malta · 2010: 13.2 Malta · 2011: 13.3 Malta · 2012: 13.8 Malta · 2013: 12.7 Malta · 2014: 11.7 Malta · 2015: 11.6 Malta · 2016: 10.7 Malta · 2017: 10.6 Malta · 2018: 9.4 Malta · 2019: 10.1 Malta · 2020: 11.5 Malta · 2021: 9.9 Malta · 2022: 9.0 Malta · 2023: 9.2 Malta · 2024: 9.2 Malta · 2025: 9.6 Netherlands NL Netherlands · 2009: 11.6 Netherlands · 2010: 12.4 Netherlands · 2011: 11.4 Netherlands · 2012: 12.9 Netherlands · 2013: 14.2 Netherlands · 2014: 13.8 Netherlands · 2015: 12.5 Netherlands · 2016: 12.1 Netherlands · 2017: 10.4 Netherlands · 2018: 8.9 Netherlands · 2019: 8.5 Netherlands · 2020: 10.6 Netherlands · 2021: 9.3 Netherlands · 2022: 7.6 Netherlands · 2023: 8.2 Netherlands · 2024: 8.7 Netherlands · 2025: 8.8 Poland PL Poland · 2009: 21.0 Poland · 2010: 24.0 Poland · 2011: 26.0 Poland · 2012: 26.8 Poland · 2013: 27.6 Poland · 2014: 24.1 Poland · 2015: 21.0 Poland · 2016: 17.8 Poland · 2017: 14.9 Poland · 2018: 11.8 Poland · 2019: 9.7 Poland · 2020: 10.8 Poland · 2021: 11.9 Poland · 2022: 10.8 Poland · 2023: 11.4 Poland · 2024: 10.8 Poland · 2025: 12.2 Portugal PT Portugal · 2009: 25.3 Portugal · 2010: 28.0 Portugal · 2011: 30.4 Portugal · 2012: 38.2 Portugal · 2013: 38.6 Portugal · 2014: 34.7 Portugal · 2015: 31.8 Portugal · 2016: 27.8 Portugal · 2017: 23.8 Portugal · 2018: 20.2 Portugal · 2019: 18.4 Portugal · 2020: 22.4 Portugal · 2021: 23.4 Portugal · 2022: 19.2 Portugal · 2023: 20.5 Portugal · 2024: 21.6 Portugal · 2025: 19.5 Romania RO Romania · 2009: 24.8 Romania · 2010: 28.0 Romania · 2011: 29.4 Romania · 2012: 28.2 Romania · 2013: 29.6 Romania · 2014: 30.0 Romania · 2015: 27.3 Romania · 2016: 25.9 Romania · 2017: 23.0 Romania · 2018: 20.5 Romania · 2019: 21.0 Romania · 2020: 21.6 Romania · 2021: 21.0 Romania · 2022: 22.8 Romania · 2023: 21.8 Romania · 2024: 23.9 Romania · 2025: 26.1 Slovakia SK Slovakia · 2009: 28.5 Slovakia · 2010: 34.9 Slovakia · 2011: 34.8 Slovakia · 2012: 35.3 Slovakia · 2013: 34.9 Slovakia · 2014: 31.0 Slovakia · 2015: 27.7 Slovakia · 2016: 23.4 Slovakia · 2017: 20.0 Slovakia · 2018: 15.8 Slovakia · 2019: 17.1 Slovakia · 2020: 20.4 Slovakia · 2021: 20.6 Slovakia · 2022: 19.9 Slovakia · 2023: 19.8 Slovakia · 2024: 19.2 Slovakia · 2025: 15.3 Slovenia SI Slovenia · 2009: 13.8 Slovenia · 2010: 14.7 Slovenia · 2011: 15.9 Slovenia · 2012: 20.8 Slovenia · 2013: 21.6 Slovenia · 2014: 20.5 Slovenia · 2015: 16.4 Slovenia · 2016: 15.3 Slovenia · 2017: 11.3 Slovenia · 2018: 8.9 Slovenia · 2019: 8.1 Slovenia · 2020: 14.3 Slovenia · 2021: 12.8 Slovenia · 2022: 10.1 Slovenia · 2023: 9.9 Slovenia · 2024: 10.9 Slovenia · 2025: 12.1 Spain ES Spain · 2009: 37.7 Spain · 2010: 41.5 Spain · 2011: 46.2 Spain · 2012: 52.9 Spain · 2013: 55.5 Spain · 2014: 53.2 Spain · 2015: 48.3 Spain · 2016: 44.4 Spain · 2017: 38.6 Spain · 2018: 34.3 Spain · 2019: 32.5 Spain · 2020: 38.3 Spain · 2021: 35.0 Spain · 2022: 29.7 Spain · 2023: 28.7 Spain · 2024: 26.5 Spain · 2025: 24.9 Sweden SE Sweden · 2005: 22.2 Sweden · 2006: 20.9 Sweden · 2007: 18.6 Sweden · 2008: 19.6 Sweden · 2009: 24.4 Sweden · 2010: 24.1 Sweden · 2011: 22.1 Sweden · 2012: 22.9 Sweden · 2013: 22.8 Sweden · 2014: 22.2 Sweden · 2015: 19.7 Sweden · 2016: 18.2 Sweden · 2017: 17.1 Sweden · 2018: 16.8 Sweden · 2019: 19.3 Sweden · 2020: 23.6 Sweden · 2021: 24.7 Sweden · 2022: 21.7 Sweden · 2023: 22.1 Sweden · 2024: 24.3 Sweden · 2025: 24.3
5.6 59.2

Member states · ranked by latest value

By year