Research and development personnel by sector of performance

In 2024, the EU-27 figure for research and development personnel by sector of performance was 1.59 .

That is a 1.3% rose versus 2023 (1.57).

Over the five years before that, the EU-27 aggregate moved 12.8% higher.

Across member states, Belgium reported the highest value (2.34, 2024) and Romania the lowest (0.45, 2024) — a ratio of 5.2× between the two ends of the range.

The figures below come from Eurostat dataset tsc00002; every value links back to the canonical source.