Research and development expenditure by sector of performance

In 2024, the EU-27 figure for research and development expenditure by sector of performance was 2.24 .

That is a 0.9% fell versus 2023 (2.26).

Over the five years before that, the EU-27 aggregate moved 1.4% higher.

Across member states, Sweden reported the highest value (3.56, 2024) and Romania the lowest (0.46, 2024) — a ratio of 7.7× between the two ends of the range.

The figures below come from Eurostat dataset tsc00001; every value links back to the canonical source.